6,959 research outputs found
Retention Rates, Re-investment and Depreciation in European Office Markets
The retention rate of a company has an impact on its earnings and dividend growth. Lease structures and performance measurement practice force real estate investment managers to adopt full distribution policies. Does this lead to lower income growth in real estate? This paper examines several European office markets across which the effective retention rates vary. It then compares depreciation rates across these markets. It is concluded that there is evidence of a relationship between retention and depreciation. Those markets with particularly inflexible lease structures exhibit low retention rates and higher levels of rental value depreciation. This poses interesting questions concerning the appropriate way to measure property performance across markets exhibiting significantly different retention rates and also raises important issues for global investors.
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Retention rates, re-investment and depreciation in European office markets
The retention rate of a company has an impact on its earnings and dividend growth. Lease structures and performance measurement practice force real estate investment managers to adopt full distribution policies. Does this lead to lower income growth in real estate? This paper examines several European office markets across which the effective retention rates vary. It then compares depreciation rates across these markets. It is concluded that there is evidence of a relationship between retention and depreciation. Those markets with particularly inflexible lease structures exhibit low retention rates and higher levels of rental value depreciation. This poses interesting questions concerning the appropriate way to measure property performance across markets exhibiting significantly different retention rates and also raises important issues for global investors
Accumulation and elimination dynamics of the hydroxybenzoate saxitoxin analogues in mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to the toxic marine Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum
Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is a severe food-borne illness, caused by the ingestion of seafood containing paralytic shellfish toxins (PST), which are naturally produced by marine dinoflagellates and accumulate in shellfish during algae blooms. Novel PST, designated as hydroxybenzoate analogues (also known as GC toxins), was relatively recently discovered in Gymnodinium catenatum strains worldwide. However, to date, there have been no studies examining their accumulation in shellfish. In this study, mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were exposed to G. catenatum for five days and then exposed to a non-toxic diet for 24 h, to investigate the toxin's accumulation/elimination dynamics. As determined by UHPLC-HILIC-MS/MS, the hydroxybenzoate analogues, GC1 to GC6, comprised 41% of the algae toxin profile and only 9% in mussels. Elimination of GC toxins after 24 h was not evident. This study highlights that a relevant fraction of PST in mussels are not routinely analysed in monitoring programs and that there is a need to better understand the toxicological potential of the hydroxybenzoate analogues, in order to properly address the risk of G. catenatum blooms.Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science - contract code DP402;
Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia - PD/BD/113484/2015; FCT Investigator;
Mar2020 - SNMB-INOV: Innovation for a more competitive shellfish sector, co-financed by the Operational Program Mar 2020, Portugal 2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
General F-theory models with tuned symmetry
We construct a general form for an F-theory Weierstrass model over a general
base giving a 6D or 4D supergravity theory with gauge group
and generic associated matter, which includes the matter
content of the standard model. The Weierstrass model is identified by
unHiggsing a model with gauge symmetry and charges previously found by the first author. This model includes two distinct
branches that were identified in earlier work, and includes as a special case
the class of models recently studied by Cveti\v{c}, Halverson, Lin, Liu, and
Tian, for which we demonstrate explicitly the possibility of unification
through an unHiggsing. We develop a systematic
methodology for checking that a parameterized class of F-theory Weierstrass
models with a given gauge group and fixed matter content is generic
(contains all allowed moduli) and confirm that this holds for the models
constructed here.Comment: 36 pages, LaTe
Limits on Neutrino Radiative Decay from Sn1987a
We calculate limits on the properties of neutrinos using data from gamma-ray
detectors on the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and Solar Max Mission satellites. A
massive neutrino decaying in flight from the supernova would produce gamma rays
detectable by these instruments. The lack of such a signal allows us to
constrain the mass, radiative lifetime, and branching ratio to photons of a
massive neutrino species produced in the supernova. Presented at Beyond The
Standard Model III, June, 1992.Comment: 5 Pages, 2 Figures (avalable on request). LaTeX, WorldSci.st
CHEMICAL DYNAMICS IN NORTH SEA ESTUARIES AND PLUMES
Observational and experimental studies have been undertaken in the southern
North Sea environment, including five major estuaries (Humber, Thames, Scheldt,
Weser and Elbe), with the aim of elucidating the mechanistic and kinetic details of
trace metal reactivity required for the refinement of pollutant transport models.
The results of a systematic investigation of suspended particle characteristics
(BET specific surface area and porosity, carbon content. Fe and Mn oxide
coatings) indicated that, although there exists significant yet explicable variability
among the North Sea estuaries, such compositional factors do not exert an
observable influence on solid-solution interactions. Furthermore, chemical reactivity
was not usually demonstrable from observations of leachable particulate trace
metals as phase interactions Impart relatively little influence on their
concentrations; particulate metal distributions therefore generally conformed with
mixing of fluvial and marine material unless perturbed by major anthropogenic
sources as in the Humber.
Solid-solution redistributions were revealed by following the partitioning of
artificial radiotracers in a series of carefully controlled experiments in which
salinity and suspended solids concentration gradients were simulated by mixing
river and sea water end-member samples. Relationships between salinity and the
solid:solution concentration of radiotracers as quantified by a distribution coefficient
( K Q ) indicated substantial desorption from particles of ^^ÂźCd and ^"^^Cs.
conservative behaviour of ^ ^ Z n , and oxidative removal from solution of ^^Mn.
Radiochemical techniques applied in situ to study solid-solution partitioning in
the southern North Sea established a more significant role of particle composition
(in particular, estuarine-derived versus plankton-rich material) in regulating trace
metal behaviour in offshore waters. This finding was corroborated by distinct
seasonal contrasts in measured particulate metal concentrations; whereas most
metals (Fe, Mn. Cu, Pb, Zn) were enriched during winter when detrital and
terrigenous components from fluvial/resuspension inputs dominate. Cd was elevated
during summer in tandem with amplification of the biomass.
These results provide a valuable basis for both future long-term pollutant
monitoring programmes, and the conceptual development of estuarine chemical flux
models, specifically the incipient Plymouth Marine Laboratory model of the Humber
plume.Plymouth Marine Laborator
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